Python I/O: Input/Output (I/O) refers to the process of reading data from a source (input) or writing data to a destination (output). In Python, there are several functions that you can use for I/O. Here are some of the most commonly used I/O functions:

1. print(): This function writes the specified data to the standard output stream. For example:

print("Hello, World!")

2. input(): This function reads a line of text from the standard input stream. The line of text is treated as a string. For example:

name = input("What is your name? ")
print("Hello, " + name + "!")

3. open(): This function opens a file for reading, writing, or appending. The open() function returns a file object, which you can use to read from or write to the file. For example:

file = open("example.txt", "w")
file.write("Hello, World!")
file.close()

4. read(): This method reads the entire contents of a file as a string. For example:

file = open("example.txt", "r")
content = file.read()
print(content)
file.close()

Python imports: Imports allow you to use code from other Python files or modules in your own program. Here’s how you can import code from another file:

1. import: This statement imports an entire module. For example:

luaCopy codeimport math
print(math.pi)

2. from … import: This statement imports a specific function or variable from a module. For example:

luaCopy codefrom math import pi
print(pi)

3. as: This statement allows you to give a module or function a different name. For example:

import math as m
print(m.pi)

These are just a few of the most commonly used I/O and import functions in Python. There are many more advanced features available for I/O and imports as well. I hope this overview helps! Let me know if you have any other questions.

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